MÉTODO PARA LA ELABORACIÓN DE ESTRATEGIAS DOMINANTES SWOT CON EL EMPLEO DEL EQUILIBRIO DE NASH EN JUEGOS MATRICIALES DE SUMA CERO

Resumen

The study proposes a method to extend the SWOT strategic analyzes (Strenghts-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats), and to complement them with procedures of game theory. This makes it possible to categorize SWOT strategies by their effectiveness. The SWOT dominant strategy search method is a tool for business management groups when designing strategies in conflict situations. The business group formulates four types of strategic alternatives to the environment: defensive, resistance, adaptive and offensive. The studies suggests recognizing SWOT strategies as game strategies, and develop four payoff matrices by weighing the effectiveness of neutralizing threats with defensive and resistance strategies, and the effectiveness of exploiting opportunities with offensive and adaptive strategies. The SWOT model is complemented by four games. The solution of each set defines the probability (frequency) of use of each strategy under Nash equilibrium conditions, and is used as an indicator of efficiency. If the solution does not have a strategy with a high probability of use, values will be changed in the payoff matrix and the game will be solved again, in search of a solution with relevant frequency. The change in the payoff matrix guides the reformulation to be made in the strategy, introducing new possibilities in the SWOT analysis. This study is framed in the SWOT conflicts typified as zero-sum two-person matrix games, but its extension to other types of games can be suggested. Experiments with the software developed confirm the convergence and practical feasibility of the method.
KEYWORDS: SWOT (SWOT, FODA) cuantificada, estrategia dominante, estrategias SWOT (SWOT, FODA), juegos matriciales
MSC: 91A10